What is the objective of diversification in investing?

The objective of diversification in investing is to reduce overall portfolio risk. By spreading investments across a variety of asset classes, sectors, or geographic regions, an investor can mitigate the adverse effects that any single investment or market downturn might have on the overall portfolio. When one investment underperforms, others might outperform or remain stable, which can help to protect the investor's capital and promote more stable returns over time.

Diversification works on the principle that not all assets will move in the same direction or to the same degree at the same time. By holding a diversified mix, an investor can lower the volatility and potential losses in their portfolio, leading to a more favorable risk-return profile. This strategy is fundamental to prudent investing as it acknowledges the unpredictability of the markets and seeks to balance risk.

The other choices reflect different investment strategies or goals but do not align with the primary aim of diversification. Concentrating investments in one area increases risk rather than reducing it. While increasing the potential for higher returns is certainly appealing, this can often lead to higher risk rather than the stability diversification seeks to achieve. Ensuring a constant income flow is a separate objective that may be pursued through specific investments but is not the central aim of diversification.